Optical System Design of Suspended Infrared Night Vision Based on Low Light Level Helmet Observation
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摘要: 头盔夜视仪由单波段向多波段图像融合的方向发展。本文对基于微光头盔观察、悬挂式红外夜视仪的技术方案、图像配准精度进行分析并进行光学仿真。首先分析悬挂式红外夜视仪与微光头盔组合使用的工作模式以及图像旋转、圆形视场的设计方案；其次根据悬挂式红外夜视仪的设计指标，对其红外物镜及投影物镜进行光学仿真；第三从悬挂精度、光轴一致性及畸变等三方面分析图像配准精度；最后根据仿真结果及图像配准精度分析说明基于微光头盔观察、悬挂式红外夜视仪的技术方案可行，能达到预期的效果。Abstract: Helmet night vision systems are developed from single-band to multi-band image fusion. In this study, we analyzed the technical program and image registration accuracy based on low-light-level helmet observation and a hanging infrared night vision device. Optical simulation analysis was also conducted. First, we analyzed the working mode of the combination of hanging infrared night vision and low-light-level helmet, as well as the design scheme of image rotation and circular field of view. Second, according to the design index of hanging infrared night vision, optical simulation of an infrared lens and projection lens was carried out. Third, the image registration accuracy was analyzed from three viewpoints: suspension accuracy, optical axis consistency, and distortion. Finally, according to the simulation results and image registration accuracy analysis, a technical scheme based on low-light-level helmet observation and suspended infrared night vision is feasible and can achieve the targeted effect.
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Keywords:
- projection lens /
- infrared lens /
- image fusion /
- image registration /
- suspended /
- infrared night vision
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图 1 微光头盔与悬挂式红外夜视仪组合方式
Figure 1. Combination of low light level helmet and suspended infrared night vision
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图 2 微光头盔与悬挂式红外夜视仪融合图像
Figure 2. Fusion image of low light level helmet and hanging infrared night vision
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图 3 微光头盔与悬挂式红外夜视仪工作示意图
Figure 3. Working diagram of low light level helmet and suspended infrared night vision
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图 10 红外夜视仪倾斜悬挂时成像关系
Figure 10. Imaging relationship of infrared night vision with tilted suspension
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图 11 光轴无偏差时融合成像示意图
Figure 11. Schematic diagram of fusion imaging without optical axis deviation
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图 12 光轴有偏差时融合成像示意图
Figure 12. Schematic diagram of fusion imaging with optical axis deviation
表 1 悬挂式红外夜视仪光学参数
Table 1 Optical parameters of suspended infrared night vision
Infrared lens Focal length
Field
F/#
Band
Detector type13.88 mm
20°(circular)
1
8～12 μm
UFPA 384×288, 17 μmProjection lens Focal length
Field
F/#
Band20.58 mm
20°(circular)
4
0.486～0.656 μmDetector type OLED 800×600, 12.6 μm Exit pupil distance 3.7 mm Suspended infrared night vision Field
Magnification
Temperature20°(circular)
1×
−40℃～60℃
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表 2 红外物镜、投影物镜在相同视场点处的畸变
Table 2 Distortion of infrared lens and projection lens at the same field of view
Field of view Infrared lens Projection lens 0.1ω −0.01999022% 0.02068782% 0.2ω −0.07997603% 0.08263791% 0.3ω −0.18000125% 0.18550392% 0.4ω −0.32013343% 0.32868725% 0.5ω −0.50045517% 0.51130229% 0.6ω −0.72105160% 0.73212184% 0.7ω −0.98199306% 0.98949535% 0.8ω −1.28331225% 1.28122817% 0.9ω −1.62497467% 1.60440259% 1ω −2.00684062% 1.95510906%
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表 3 红外物镜公差
Table 3 Tolerance of infrared objective lens parts
Parameter Tolerance N ±3 aperture ΔN ±0.8 aperture Aspheric error ±0.00006 mm Thickness of optical parts ±0.02 mm Surface tilt ±0.006 mm Air distance ±0.02 mm Element tilt ±0.02 mm Element eccentricity 0.025 mm
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表 4 红外物镜公差分析结果
Table 4 Tolerance analysis results of infrared objective lens
Lens percentage/% MTF minimum
(Nyquist frequency)90 0.219 80 0.246 50 0.291 20 0.348 10 0.365
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表 5 投影物镜零件公差
Table 5 Tolerance of projection lens parts
Parameter Tolerance N ±4 aperture ΔN ±0.5 aperture Thickness of optical part ±0.02 mm Air distance ±0.04 mm Surface tilt ±6′ Element tilt ±6′ Element eccentricity ±0.052 mm nd ±0.0009 vd ±0.95%
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表 6 投影物镜公差分析结果
Table 6 Tolerance analysis results of projection lens
Lens percentage/% MTF minimum(40 lp/mm) 90 0.603 80 0.626 50 0.669 20 0.687 10 0.697
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