Optical System Design of Uncooled 640×512 Infrared Seeker
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摘要: 为了增大视场角、提高探测距离，本文设计了一款采用640×512面阵非制冷机芯的红外成像导引头。首先分析了红外成像导引头多种结构型式，结合本文设计要求的特点，选择了万向支架式的结构型式；其次对红外导引头光学系统进行像质优化，并对框架角及盲区的满足情况开展分析；最后以实物样机的试验情况，说明此红外成像导引头成像质量良好，能满足搜索、跟踪目标的要求。Abstract: In order to increase the angle of field and the detection distance, we designed an infrared imaging seeker using an 640×512 uncooled FPA. Firstly, we analyzed various structural types of infrared imaging seeker. Based on the characteristics of the design requirements, the universal support type structural type is selected. Secondly, we optimized the image quality of the infrared seeker optical system and analyzed the satisfaction of the frame angle and blind area. Finally, the test results of the real prototype show that the infrared imaging seeker has good imaging quality and can meet the requirements of searching and tracking targets.
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Keywords:
- seeker /
- infrared /
- frame angle /
- blind area
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图 4 在20℃工作条件下红外导引头光学系统的MTF曲线、点列图、能量包围曲线、场曲与畸变曲线
Figure 4. MTF curves, point diagram, energy enclosing curves, field curve and distortion curve of infrared seeker optical system at 20℃
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图 5 在－40℃工作条件下红外导引头光学系统的MTF曲线、点列图、能量包围曲线、场曲与畸变曲线
Figure 5. MTF curves, point diagram, energy enclosing curves, field curve and distortion curve of infrared seeker optical system at -40℃
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图 6 在60℃工作条件下红外导引头光学系统的MTF曲线、点列图、能量包围曲线、场曲与畸变曲线
Figure 6. MTF curves, point diagram, energy enclosing curves, field curve and distortion curve of infrared seeker optical system at 60℃
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图 8 导引头框架角在0°、33.1°工作时光学位置示意图
Figure 8. Optical schematic diagram when seeker frame angle is 0° and 33.1°
表 1 红外导引头光学系统设计参数
Table 1 Design parameters of optical system for infrared seeker
Focal length 50mm Field 12.4°×9.94° F/# 0.9 Wavelength 8-12μm Detector type UFPA 640×512, 17μm Frame angle ≥-30°~+30°（Pitch）
≥-20°~+20°（Level）Maximum blind area (target size 2.3m×2.3m) ≤50m Stable tracking range ≥2.5km 
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表 2 红外导引头光学系统离焦量表
Table 2 Infrared seeker optical system defocus gauge
Temperature Defocusing Depth of focus Remarks -40℃ 3.7μm 17.7μm Minimum temperature -20℃ 1.9μm - 0℃ 0.5μm - 20℃ 0μm Nominal temperature 40℃ -1.7μm - 60℃ -2.6μm Maximum temperature
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表 3 零件公差表
Table 3 Part tolerance table
Parameter Tolerance Parameter Tolerance Sphere error ±3 aperture Surface tilt ±50" Surface irregularity ±0.7 aperture Air thickness ±0.05 mm Aspheric error ±7×10-5 mm Element tilt 0.075mm Thickness ±0.03 mm Element eccentricity 3.6′ Focal plane
displacement compensation±0.5 mm - -
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表 4 蒙特卡罗虚拟镜头分析结果
Table 4 Analysis results of Monte Carlo virtual lens
Field Average 1 2 3 4 5 Nominal MTF 0.563 0.598 0.599 0.497 0.599 0.497 Optimum MTF 0.461 0.563 0.544 0.421 0.480 0.394 Worst MTF 0.217 0.224 0.222 0.190 0.251 0.198 Average MTF 0.343 0.358 0.355 0.314 0.366 0.300 Standard deviation 0.078 0.096 0.088 0.069 0.073 0.067 Compensation parameter statistics（Change of back focal plane） Maximum 0.074 Minimum -0.101 Nominal 0.009 Standard deviation 0.043 MTF analysis of Monte Carlo virtual lens（Nyquist frequency） MTF of Monte Carlo virtual lens（90%）≥0.239 MTF of Monte Carlo virtual lens（80%）≥0.272 MTF of Monte Carlo virtual lens（50%）≥0.345
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