Simulation Analysis of Thermal-Structure of an Optical Detection System
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摘要: 热载荷是导致红外探测系统失效的主要原因之一，因此本文利用ANSYS Workbench软件对某红外成像光学探测组件进行不同温度载荷下的热-结构耦合分析。首先观察光学镜头与探测器之间后截距在不同温度载荷下的响应；然后利用光学软件ZEMAX得到后截距变化时理论上光学的成像质量；最后通过实验验证了理论计算模型，同时得到了不同温度载荷下光学探测系统的变形规律，发现探测器安装材料的热传导系数与热膨胀系数都会影响到探测系统的稳定性。本文的研究工作对红外成像光学探测系统的设计、优化以及可靠性方面具有重要的指导意义。Abstract: Thermal load is one of the main reasons for the failure of infrared detection system, therefore, thermal-structure coupling analysis of a certain type of infrared imaging optical detection module under different temperature loads by means of ANSYS Workbench software was performed in this study. First, the response of the back intercept between the optical lens and the detector under different temperature loads was observed, and then, the theoretical imaging quality was calculated by the optical software ZEMAX on the basis of the back intercept. Finally, the theoretical calculation models were verified by the environment test. Simultaneously, the deformation rule of the optical detection module under different temperature loads was obtained, and it was found that the conductivity coefficient and thermal expansivity of the installation material of the detector affected the stability of the detection module. This research can provide guidance on the design, optimization, and reliability of infrared imaging optical detection modules.
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Keywords:
- optical detection /
- thermal-structure /
- imaging /
- reliability
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图 3 常温下探测系统的温度场与位移场分布
Figure 3. Distribution of the temperature field and the displacement field of the detection module at normal temperature
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图 4 高温下探测系统的温度场与位移场分布
Figure 4. Distribution of the temperature field and the displacement field of the detection module at high temperature
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图 5 低温下探测系统的温度场与位移场分布
Figure 5. Distribution of the temperature field and the displacement field of the detection module at low temperature
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图 6 不同温度载荷下探测系统的传函值
Figure 6. MTF values of the detection module at different temperature loads
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图 7 探测器安装材料分别为铝合金、钛合金时探测系统图像梯度、传函值和温度载荷的关系
Figure 7. The detection module image gradient, MTF value evolution with the temperature load of the detect system when the installation material of detector are aluminium alloy and titanium alloy
表 1 零件名称及其对应的材料
Table 1 Name of parts and the corresponding materials
Name of parts Material Frame, lens base Titanium alloy Detector Kovar alloy Base of detector Aluminium alloy/Titanium alloy Bolt Stainless steel Lens Chalcogenide glass 
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表 2 材料的热力学系数
Table 2 Thermodynamics coefficient of materials
Material Density/(kg/m3) Young’s
modulus/PaPoisson’s
ratioThermal conductivity
coefficient/(W/mC)Thermal expansion
coefficient/(C-1)Aluminium alloy 2770 7.1×1010 0.33 150.0 2.3×10-5 Titanium alloy 4620 9.6×1010 0.36 21.9 9.4×10-6 Stainless steel 7750 1.9×1011 0.31 15.1 1.7×10-5 Kovar alloy 8170 1.6×1011 0.36 17.6 5.5×10-6 Chalcogenide glass 4710 2.0×1010 0.28 0.2 6.6×10-6
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表 3 制冷机热分析参数
Table 3 Thermal analysis parameters of the refrigerator
Environment Convection coefficient /(W/m2·℃) Internal heat strength/(W/m3) High temperature
(60℃)30.0 2.0×105 Normal
temperature (26℃)9.7 1.6×105 Low temperature
(-45℃)30.0 8.0×104
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表 4 不同温度载荷下结构位移
Table 4 Displacement of the structure at different temperature load
Temperature load Base material Displacement of
lens end/mmDisplacement of
detector end /mmChange of the back intercept/mm
(negative for increase)Normal temperature Aluminium alloy -0.0053 0.0125 -0.0178 Titanium alloy -0.0041 0.0032 -0.0073 High temperature Aluminium alloy -0.0173 0.0264 -0.0437 Titanium alloy -0.0165 0.0046 -0.0211 Low temperature Aluminium alloy 0.0295 -0.0402 0.0697 Titanium alloy 0.0287 -0.0126 0.0413
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表 5 不同温度载荷下铝合金座系统时实验图像
Table 5 The experimental images of the aluminium alloy mount system at different temperature loads
Integrated time/ms The experimental images -45℃ 26℃ 60℃ 2 
4 
6 
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表 6 不同温度载荷下钛合金座时实验图像
Table 6 The experimental images of the titanium alloy mount system at different temperature loads
Integrated time/ms The experimental images -45℃ 26℃ 60℃ 2 
4 
6 
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表 7 不同积分时间下图像梯度值
Table 7 The image gradient values of different integral time
Temperature load Base material 2ms 4ms 6ms Normal temperature Aluminium alloy 255 504 978 Titanium alloy 270 541 1084 High temperature Aluminium alloy 143 241 472 Titanium alloy 247 504 1037 Low temperature Aluminium alloy 51 149 236 Titanium alloy 126 202 340
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