制冷型大相对孔径长波红外光学系统设计

李阳; 王保华; 张绪国; 龙亮; 周紫薇; 李林鹏

制冷型大相对孔径长波红外光学系统设计

北京空间机电研究所, 北京 100076

详细信息

作者简介:
李阳（1992-），男，陕西宝鸡人，工程师，硕士，主要从事空间光学遥感器总体和光学系统设计技术的研究。E-mail: 1061968388@qq.com

中图分类号: TN216
计量
- 文章访问数: 67
- HTML全文浏览量: 11
- PDF下载量: 28
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-03-07
- 修回日期: 2024-04-07
- 刊出日期: 2025-03-19

Design of Cooled Large-Relative Aperture Long-Wavelength Infrared Optical System

Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics and Electricity, Beijing 100076, China

摘要

摘要:
针对320×256长波制冷型面阵探测器，提出并设计了一款制冷型长波红外成像光学系统。该光学系统由5片透镜组成，通过不同材料组合与后焦调节机构设计，实现了系统在工作温度－40℃~70℃范围内清晰成像。光学系统的工作谱段为7.5~9.5 μm，焦距为50 mm，相对孔径为1/2，全视场为11°×8.8°，系统具有结构简单紧凑、相对孔径大、透过率高等优点。设计结果显示，光学系统在奈奎斯特频率为16.7 lp/mm处MTF优于0.594，均方根尺寸均小于单个像元尺寸，在像元尺寸内能量集中度高于88.5%，畸变小于0.23%。公差分配后，系统MTF优于0.504，表明该光学系统易于加工装调、实现性高，装配后具有良好的成像性能。
- 光学系统设计 /
- 长波红外 /
- 制冷型 /
- 大相对孔径
Abstract:
A cooled long-wavelength infrared imaging optical system is proposed and designed for a 320×256 long-wavelength refrigerated area array detector. The optical system is composed of five lenses, and the system is designed with different material combinations and a back-focus adjustment mechanism to achieve clear imaging in the operating temperature of －40℃ to 70℃. The working spectrum of the optical system is 7.5-9.5 μm. The focal length is 50 mm; the relative aperture is 1/2; and the full field of view is 11°×8.8°. This system has the advantages of a simple structure, large relative aperture, and high transmittance. Design results show that the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the optical system is better than 0.594 at a Nyquist frequency of 16.7 lp/mm, and the root mean square size is smaller than the single pixel size. Energy concentration is better than 88.5% within the pixel size, and distortion is less than 0.23%. After setting a tolerance, the MTF of the system was better than 0.504, indicating that the system is easy to process, has high realizability, and exhibits good imaging performance after assembly.
- optical system design /
- long-wavelength infrared /
- cooled /
- large relative aperture

HTML全文

图 1 制冷型长波红外光学系统原理

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of a cooled long-wavelength infrared optical system

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 探测器光敏面原理图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of detector photosensitive surface

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 光学系统设计结果

Figure 3. Optic system design structure

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 光学系统像质评价结果

Figure 4. Diagram of the image quality evaluation result of the optical system

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 -40~70℃环境温度下MTF曲线

Figure 5. The MTF curves at ambient temperature of -40~70℃

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 各表面NITD贡献量

Figure 6. The NITD contribution diagram of each surface

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 光学设计技术指标

Table 1 Parameters of optical system

Item	Value
Wave lengths/μm	7.5-9.5
Focal length/mm	50
Aperture/mm	25
FOV/°	11×8.8
Relative aperture	1/2
Exit pupil diameter/mm	19.8
Pixel pitch/μm	30×30
Operating temperature/℃	-40~70
Image pitch /mm	9.6×7.68

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 光学系统结构参数

Table 2 Structure parameters of optical system

Optical element	Radius of curvature/mm	Thickness/mm	Glass
Lens 1	150	6	ZnS(Broad)
Lens 1	214.432	2.495	ZnS(Broad)
Lens 2	39.242	6	ZnSe
Lens 2	26.051	2.905	ZnSe
Lens 3	28.664	6	Ge
Lens 3	32.038	24.880	Ge
Lens 4	441.917	3.992	Ge
Lens 4	-142.966	1.482	Ge
Lens 5	-37.016	3.493	Ge
Lens 5	-44.102	1.435	Ge
Window	-	1	Ge
Window	-	0.5	Ge
STO	-	19.8

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 各表面YNI、I/IBAR值

Table 3 YNI、I/IBAR values for each surface

Surface	YNI	I/IBAR
S2	1.36270	1.065930
S3	1.37946	1.064638
S4	2.21885	1.541570
S5	2.66172	1.681644
S6	2.22979	1.381668
S7	0.87653	0.610067
S8	-1.63084	17.280669
S9	-6.35113	1.929954
S10	-6.44843	1.881130
S11	-3.61138	2.374631
S12	-0.32335	0.322912
S13	-1.11361	3.046202

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 光学系统加工公差

Table 4 Machining tolerances for optical system

Optical Element	Curvature radius tolerance /mm	Thickness tolerance /mm	Surface angle tolerance /′	Surface shape tolerance PV，RMS λ=0.6328μm
Lens1	±0.05	±0.02	±1.5	λ/5, λ/30
Lens1	±0.05	±0.02	±1.5	λ/5, λ/30
Lens 2	±0.01	±0.02	±1	λ/5, λ/30
Lens 2	±0.01	±0.02	±1	λ/5, λ/30
Lens 3	±0.01	±0.01	±1	λ/5, λ/30
Lens 3	±0.01	±0.01	±1	λ/5, λ/30
Lens 4	±0.05	±0.02	±1.5	λ/5, λ/25
Lens 4	±0.05	±0.02	±1.5	λ/5, λ/25
Lens 5	±0.02	±0.02	±1	λ/5, λ/30
Lens 5	±0.02	±0.02	±1.5	λ/5, λ/30

下载: 导出CSV

表 5 光学系统装调公差

Table 5 Tolerances for optical system setup

Optical element	Component spacing tolerance /mm	Component eccentricity tolerance /mm	Component angular tolerance /′
Lens 1	±0.02	±0.02	±3
Lens 2	±0.02	±0.02	±3
Lens 3	±0.02	±0.02	±3
Lens 4	±0.02	±0.02	±4
Lens 5	±0.02	±0.01	±4

下载: 导出CSV

表 6 Monte Carlo 500组数据分析结果

Table 6 Monte Carlo 500 data analysis results

Sample probability	Average MTF
10%	＞0.570
20%	＞0.562
50%	＞0.548
80%	＞0.525
90%	＞0.504

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(12)

[1]	陈潇. 大面阵长波红外光学无热化镜头的设计[J]. 红外技术, 2018, 40(11): 1061-1064. http://hwjs.nvir.cn/article/id/hwjs201811007 CHEN Xiao. Design of long-wavelength infrared athermalization lens for large-array detector[J]. Infrared Technology, 2018, 40(11): 1061-1064. http://hwjs.nvir.cn/article/id/hwjs201811007
[2]	汤天瑾. 无热化大相对孔径星敏感器光学系统设计[J]. 航天返回与遥感, 2011, 32(3): 36-42. TANG Tianjin. Design of athermalizing dual-band compound optical system[J]. Spacecraft Remote Sensing, 2011, 32(3): 36-42.
[3]	王保华, 刘英, 孙强, 等. 折射/衍射混合长波红外连续变焦光学系统设计[J]. 红外与激光工程, 2013, 42(1): 148-153. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-2276.2013.01.027 WANG Baohua, LIU Ying, SUN Qiang, et al. Optical design for refractive/diffractive long wavelength infrared continuous zoom system[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2013, 42(1): 148-153. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-2276.2013.01.027
[4]	李福东. 小型星载红外相机的研制[J]. 航天返回与遥感, 2004, 25(1): 21-25. LI Fudong. Research and development of infrared camera onboard minisatellites[J]. Spaecraft Remote Sensing, 2004, 25(1): 21-25.
[5]	何红星, 赵劲松, 唐晗, 等. 一种高性能双视场长波红外光学系统[J]. 红外技术, 2017, 39(5): 394-398. http://hwjs.nvir.cn/article/id/hwjs201705002 HE Hongxing, ZHAO Jingsong, TANG Han, et al. High performance dual fields of view LWIR optical system[J]. Infrared Technology, 2017, 39(5): 394-398. http://hwjs.nvir.cn/article/id/hwjs201705002
[6]	陈建发, 潘枝峰, 王合龙, 等. 基于制冷型探测器的双波段红外光学系统无热化设计[J]. 电光与控制, 2019, 26(10): 83-86. CHEN Jianfa, PAN Zhifeng, WANG Helong, et al. Athermalization design of a dual-band infrared optical system with cryogenic detector[J]. Electronics Optics & Control, 2019, 26(10): 83-86.
[7]	单秋莎, 谢梅林, 刘朝晖, 等. 制冷型长波红外光学系统设计[J]. 中国光学, 2022, 15(1): 72-78. SHAN Qiusha, XIE Meilin, LIU Zhaohui, et al. Design of cooled long-wavelength infrared imaging optical system[J]. Chinese Optics, 2022, 15(1): 72-78.
[8]	栗洋洋, 杨加强, 彭晴晴, 等. 制冷型红外双波段广角无热化光学系统设计[J]. 激光与红外, 2023, 23(5): 712-715. LI Yangyang, YANG Jiaqiang, PENG Qingqing, et al. Design of cooled infrared dual-band wide angle athermal optical system[J]. Laser and Infrared, 2023, 23(5): 712-715.
[9]	王文生. 现代光学系统设计[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 2008: 85-127. WANG Wensheng. Modern Optical System Design[M]. Beijing: Nation Defence Industry Press, 2008: 85-127.
[10]	黄颖, 雷文平, 兰丽艳, 等. 遥感卫星CCD相机光学系统的热补偿设计[J]. 航天返回与遥感, 2002, 23(4): 38-40. HUANG Ying, LEI Wenping, LAN Liyan, et al. Optical system athermalization of remote sensing satellite CCD camera[J]. Spaecraft Remote Sensing, 2002, 23(4): 38-40.
[11]	王远方舟, 白玉琢, 贾钰超, 等. 一种长波红外光学消热差系统设计[J]. 红外技术, 2012, 34(9): 531-534. http://hwjs.nvir.cn/article/id/hwjs201209009 WANG Yuanfanghzou, BAI Yuzhuo, JIA Yuchao, et al. A design of FIR athermal system[J]. Infrared Technology, 2012, 34(9): 531-534. http://hwjs.nvir.cn/article/id/hwjs201209009
[12]	吴海清, 王海霞, 赵新亮, 等. 双波段/双视场红外光学系统设计[J]. 红外技术, 2010, 32(11): 640-644. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-8891.2010.11.006 WU Haiqing, WANG Haixia, ZHAO Xinliang, et al. Design of dual-band/dual-filed ir optical system[J]. Infrared Technology, 2010, 32(11): 640-644. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-8891.2010.11.006