Analysis and Modeling of IR Detection Systems for Complex Scenes
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摘要:
仿真建模在红外探测系统性能设计、试验鉴定或效能推演等领域具有广泛的应用前景。为了满足复杂作战场景下红外探测系统性能仿真建模的迫切需求，在传统红外探测系统几何成像模型的基础上进一步分析了红外探测器阵列结构、采样效率、图像模糊等因素对探测的影响，另外还对复杂作战场景中自然杂波和激光压制以及假目标欺骗等人为干扰对于红外探测性能的影响进行了深入分析，并将这些影响因素引入红外探测系统的性能建模中，建立了一个能够适用于复杂作战场景的红外探测系统性能仿真推演的数学模型并将其集成于仿真推演系统中。仿真推演实例表明，该模型能够在复杂作战场景中逼真模拟红外探测系统的性能特征，对红外探测系统设计、性能评估以及使用效能仿真推演具有应用价值。
Abstract:Modeling and simulation have wide applications in the performance design, test evaluation, and combat simulation of IR detection systems. To meet the need for the performance modeling of IR detection systems in complex combat scenes, the effects of the detector array structure, sampling efficiency, image blur, and other factors on detection were analyzed based on the traditional geometric model, and the effects of clutter and human interference on detection in complex scenarios was analyzed. All these factors were introduced into the performance modeling of the IR detection system, and an IR detection system model that can be applied to complex scenes was established. Simulation examples show that the model can realistically simulate the performance characteristics of IR detection systems in complex combat scenes and has important application value in IR detection system design, performance evaluation, and combat test simulation.
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Keywords:
- infrared detection /
- simulation and modelling /
- complex scene /
- interference factors
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图 1 不同距离处目标图像在FPA上的分布
Figure 1. Target image distribution on FPA at different distances
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图 3 目标中心相对像素中心不同位置的SNR
Figure 3. SNR as a function of the location of target relative to the pixel
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图 5 衍射受限系统的SNR：(a)几何成像条件和衍射条件SNR；(b)几何成像条件和衍射条件SNR之比；(c)图像中心位于像素中心与像素边角的SNR；(d)不同大气衰减下的SNR
Figure 5. SNR as a function of range for a diffraction-limited system. (a)geometric and diffraction SNR; (b)Ratio of diffraction to geometric; (c) pixel centre and corner SNR; (d) SNR with atmospheric attenuation
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图 6 不同F数SNR的变化情况：(a)FN=1.2；(b)FN=5
Figure 6. The variation of SNR with different F-numbers. (a)FN=1.2; (b)FN=5
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图 7 衍射极限和几何成像SNR比：(a)FN=1.2; (b)FN=5
Figure 7. The ratio of the SNR of diffraction-limited case to geometric case. (a)FN=1.2; (b)FN=5
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图 8 SNR上下限以及随机采样计算结果：(a)FN=1.2; (b)FN=5
Figure 8. Random sampling results of SNR and its upper and lower limits: (a)FN=1.2; (b)FN=5
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图 10 不同场景下探测概率曲线：(a)无干扰; (b)激光压制干扰; (c)假目标干扰
Figure 10. Detection probability in different scenes. (a)No interference; (b)Laser interference; (c)False target interference
表 1 仿真模型参数
Table 1 Parameters of the simulation model
Parameters Values Target area/m2 12 Average target radiance/(W/Sr) 120 Average background radiance/(W/Sr) 8 α 0.05 τj 0 k 0.5 SNCR0 10 FN 1.5 Aperture diameter/cm 3 τo 0.9 Pixel size/μm 15 NEI/(pW/cm2) 0.47 Band/μm 8~10 
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