Analysis of Detection Ability of Missile-Borne Infrared Detector to Interceptor
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摘要:
在弹载平台上加装红外探测器，从而对拦截弹进行探测和预警，是提高弹载平台突防和生存能力的创新性手段。本文针对弹载红外探测器对拦截弹的探测能力，分析了拦截弹的红外辐射特性，并推测了用于探测拦截弹的红外探测器参数。同时，根据探测概率和输入信噪比的关系以及基于辐射差的信噪比模型推导了探测概率模型。在此基础上，分析了对末段、中段防御拦截弹的探测需求，从探测概率、作用距离两个方面对弹载红外探测器的探测能力进行了分析。分析结果表明：弹载红外探测器对末段拦截弹具有较强的探测能力，对于中段拦截弹只有在日照区能够保证探测需求，而在日影区只在一定探测视角下具备探测能力。
Abstract:The addition of infrared detectors on a ballistic platform, thus detecting and warning the interceptor, is an innovative method to improve the surprise defense and survival capability of the ballistic platform. In this study, the infrared radiation characteristics of the interceptor are analyzed and the parameters of the infrared detector used to detect the interceptor are speculated with respect to the detection capability of the ballistic infrared detector. A detection probability model is derived based on the relationship between the detection probability and input signal-to-noise ratio and a signal-to-noise ratio model is derived based on the radiation difference. Therefore, the detection requirements of the late and mid-range defense interceptors are analyzed, and the detection capability of the bullet-borne infrared detector is analyzed in terms of the detection probability and action distance. The results of the analysis show that the ballistic infrared detector has a strong detection capability for the late stage interceptor; it can guarantee detection in the sunlight area for the middle stage interceptor, whereas only a certain detection angle has detection capability in the sun-shadow area.
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图 2 末段防御拦截弹的探测概率
Figure 2. Detection probability of terminal defense interception missile
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图 3 中段防御拦截弹的探测概率
Figure 3. Detection probability of intermediate defense interception missile
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图 4 7.5~9.5 μm波段探测距离与探测概率的关系
Figure 4. The relationship between detection distance and detection probability in the 7.5-9.5 μm band
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图 5 助推起始时对末段防御拦截弹的作用距离
Figure 5. The operating distance of the terminal defense interception missile at the beginning of the booster thrust
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图 6 助推结束时对末段防御拦截弹的作用距离
Figure 6. The operating distance of the terminal defense interception missile at the end of the boost
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图 7 对制导段末段防御拦截弹的作用距离
Figure 7. The operating distance of the terminal defense interception missile at the guidance phase
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图 8 对中段防御拦截弹的作用距离
Figure 8. The operating distance for intermediate defense interception missile
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图 9 7.5~9.5 μm波段作用距离分析
Figure 9. Analysis of the operating range in the 7.5-9.5 μm band
表 1 弹载红外探测器参数
Table 1 Parameters of missile-borne infrared detector
Parameters MWIR LWIR Operating band /μm 3.5~4.8 7.5~9.5 Resolution 640×512 640×512 Pixel size/μm 20 20 Integration time/ms 8 8 Specific detectivity D*/(m·Hz1/2·W-1) 3×109 7×108 Focal length/m 0.5 0.5 Optical aperture/m 0.25 0.25 IFOV/μrad 40 40 
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表 2 红外探测器探测概率与信噪比关系
Table 2 The relationship between detection probability and SNR of infrared detector
Pd 1.0 0.95 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 fSNR 7.56 5.91 5.55 5.1 4.79 4.52 Pd 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.01 fSNR 4.26 4.01 3.74 3.42 2.98 1.94
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表 3 导弹防御系统性能指标
Table 3 Performance indicators of missile defense system
Parameters Terminal defense system Midcourse defense system Missile airframe size/m 6×0.37 16.6×1.3 Warhead size/m 2.3×0.37 1.4×0.6 Capture distance/km 50 200 Intercept distance/km 200 5000 Intercept speed/(km/s) 2.5~2.8 2.7~3.2 Intercept height/km 40~150 2000
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表 4 不同探测概率与虚警概率下的最小可探测信噪比
Table 4 Minimum detectable SNR under different detection probabilities and false alarm probabilities
SNR 5 6 7 Pfa 10-3 10-4 10-5 10-3 10-4 10-5 10-3 10-4 10-5 Pd 0.972 0.900 0.769 0.998 0.989 0.958 0.999 0.999 0.997
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表 5 拦截弹助推段起始时仿真参数
Table 5 Simulation parameters at the beginning of the boost phase of interceptor missile
Parameters Temperature/K Radiating area/m2 Infrared radiation/(W/m2·sr) 3.5~4.8μm 7.5~9.5μm Envelope 390 0.11(head-on)
2.2(side-looking)14.02 56.32 Tail nozzle 1800 - 20009.53 3202.99 Tail flame and exhaust column 990 0.86(head-on)
12.98(side-looking)1944.42 605.09 Ground background 298 - 1.17 17.31 Atmospheric background 290 - 0.90 15.50
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表 6 拦截弹助推段结束时仿真参数
Table 6 Simulation parameters at the end of the boost phase of interceptor missile
Parameters Temperature /K Radiating area /m2 Infrared radiation/(W/m2·sr) 3.5~4.8μm 7.5~9.5μm Envelope 1958.77 0.11(head-on)
0.84(side-looking)21494.21 3240.26 Ground background 298 - 1.17 17.31 Atmospheric background 230 - 0.05 3.39
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表 7 拦截弹制导段仿真参数
Table 7 Simulation parameters at the guidance phase of interception missile
Parameters Temperature/K Radiating area /m2 Infrared radiation/(W/m2·sr) 3.5~4.8μm 7.5~9.5μm Envelope 1130 0.11(head-on)
0.84(side-looking)4948.77 1269.52 Ground background 298 - 1.17 17.31 Atmospheric background 225 - 0.03 2.88
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表 8 拦截弹制导段仿真参数
Table 8 Simulation parameters at the guidance phase of interception missile
Parameters Temperature/K Radiating area /m2 Infrared radiation/(W/m2·sr) 3.5~4.8μm 7.5~9.5μm Envelope 400(sunshine)
200(sun shadow)0.28(head-on)
0.81(side-looking)17.41
0.004562.89
0.91Deep space background 4 — 0 $ 9.978 \times {10^{ - 164}} $
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