Research Development of Infrared Stealth Materials
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摘要: 随着红外探测技术的迅速发展，如何提高军事目标的红外隐身能力成为一个亟待解决的难题，研究红外隐身材料有着十分重要的意义。本文简要分析了红外隐身材料的隐身机理，综述了低红外发射率材料、控温材料、光子晶体以及智能红外隐身材料等4类红外隐身材料近年来的研究现状，并展望了红外隐身材料未来的发展趋势。Abstract: With the rapid development of infrared detection technology, the improvement of the infrared stealth capability of military targets has become an urgent problem to be solved, so it is of great significance to study infrared stealth materials. This paper briefly analyzes the stealth mechanism of infrared stealth materials, summarizes the research status of four types of infrared stealth materials in recent years, such as low infrared emissivity materials, temperature control materials, photonic crystals, and intelligent infrared stealth materials, and forecasts the future development trend of infrared stealth materials.
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表 1 低红外发射率材料
Table 1. Low infrared emissivity materials
Material types Common materials Preparation methods Characteristics Inorganic Metal powder Au, Ag, Al, Zn, Cu, Ni, et al. Vapor deposition Better electrical conductivity means lower emissivity; easy oxidation; poor compatible stealth performance Doped semiconductor ATO, AZO, ITO, et al. Vapor deposition, magnetron sputtering The infrared emissivity can be adjusted by adjusting the carrier concentration and carrier collision frequency Organic Conducting polymer Polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyacetylene, et al. In-situ polymeri- zation Similar to metals/semiconductors in electrical and optical properties; high infrared reflectivity; poor workability High infrared transparent polymer Polyolefin, rubber, et al. - Simple molecular structure, weak infrared absorption Composite Organic + inorganic - Sol-gel method, blade coating, spray coating Excellent comprehensive performance; many influence factors leading to good adjustability 
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