红外隐身材料研究进展

谌玉莲; 李春海; 郭少云; 陈蓉

红外隐身材料研究进展

四川大学高分子研究所，高分子材料工程国家重点实验室，四川省橡塑材料复合成型技术工程实验室，四川成都 610065

基金项目: 装备预研一般领域基金项目

详细信息

作者简介:
谌玉莲（1998-），女，硕士研究生。四川南充人，研究方向为红外隐身材料。E-mail：shenyulian@stu.scu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
陈蓉（1985-），女，副研究员，研究方向为红外隐身及特种工程材料，硕士生导师。E-mail：rongchen@scu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TJ04
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-06-29
- 修回日期: 2020-08-28
- 刊出日期: 2021-04-20

Research Development of Infrared Stealth Materials

Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plastic/Rubber Complex Processing Technology, Chengdu 610065, China

摘要

摘要: 随着红外探测技术的迅速发展，如何提高军事目标的红外隐身能力成为一个亟待解决的难题，研究红外隐身材料有着十分重要的意义。本文简要分析了红外隐身材料的隐身机理，综述了低红外发射率材料、控温材料、光子晶体以及智能红外隐身材料等4类红外隐身材料近年来的研究现状，并展望了红外隐身材料未来的发展趋势。
- 红外隐身 /
- 低发射率 /
- 控温材料 /
- 光子晶体 /
- 智能隐身材料
Abstract: With the rapid development of infrared detection technology, the improvement of the infrared stealth capability of military targets has become an urgent problem to be solved, so it is of great significance to study infrared stealth materials. This paper briefly analyzes the stealth mechanism of infrared stealth materials, summarizes the research status of four types of infrared stealth materials in recent years, such as low infrared emissivity materials, temperature control materials, photonic crystals, and intelligent infrared stealth materials, and forecasts the future development trend of infrared stealth materials.
- infrared stealth /
- low emissivity /
- temperature control materials /
- photonic crystals /
- intelligent infrared stealth materials

HTML全文

图 1 不同粘度的涂层的红外发射率^[24]

Figure 1. The infrared emissivity of coatings with different viscosities^[24]

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图 2 不同铝粉尺寸的涂层的红外发射率曲线^[24]

Figure 2. The infrared emissivity curves of the coatings with different aluminum particle sizes^[24]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 不同铝粉含量涂层的红外发射率曲线和SEM图：(a) 15 weight%(wt%); (b) 30 wt%^[24]

Figure 3. The infrared emissivity curve and SEM images of coatings with different contents of aluminum powder: (a) 15 wt%; (b) 30 wt%^[24]

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图 4 电磁波作用于不同表面粗糙度：(a) 光滑表面和(b) 粗糙表面的原理图^[32]

Figure 4. Schematic view of electromagnetic wave acting on coatings at different surface roughness (a) smooth and (b) rough surface^[32]

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图 5 b-PI/BC气凝胶的结构和隔热性能^[39]

Figure 5. Structure and thermal insulation performance of b-PI/BC aerogels^[39]

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图 6 相变材料的分类^[2]

Figure 6. Classification of PCM^[2]

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图 7 不同厚度比的Ge/ZnS光子晶体反射率曲线^[50]

Figure 7. Reflectivity curves of Ge/ZnS photonic crystal with different thickness ratios^[50]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 不同周期数Ge/TiO₂一维光子晶体的反射光谱^[55]

Figure 8. Calculated reflection spectra of the Ge/TiO₂ 1DPCs with different numbers of periods^[55]

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图 9 PC3的结构及其反射曲线^[56]

Figure 9. Structure of PC3 and its corresponding reflectivity curve^[56]

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表 1 低红外发射率材料

Table 1. Low infrared emissivity materials

Material types		Common materials	Preparation methods	Characteristics
Inorganic	Metal powder	Au, Ag, Al, Zn, Cu, Ni, et al.	Vapor deposition	Better electrical conductivity means lower emissivity; easy oxidation; poor compatible stealth performance
Inorganic	Doped semiconductor	ATO, AZO, ITO, et al.	Vapor deposition, magnetron sputtering	The infrared emissivity can be adjusted by adjusting the carrier concentration and carrier collision frequency
Organic	Conducting polymer	Polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyacetylene, et al.	In-situ polymeri- zation	Similar to metals/semiconductors in electrical and optical properties; high infrared reflectivity; poor workability
Organic	High infrared transparent polymer	Polyolefin, rubber, et al.	-	Simple molecular structure, weak infrared absorption
Composite	Organic + inorganic	-	Sol-gel method, blade coating, spray coating	Excellent comprehensive performance; many influence factors leading to good adjustability

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