Research Status of Infrared Thermography in NDT of FRP Composites/Thermal Barrier Coatings and Its Development
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摘要: 红外热成像是具有非接触、检测面积大、检测结果直观等突出优势的新兴无损检测技术，近年来被广泛应用于金属、非金属、纤维增强复合材料（Fiber reinforced polymer，FRP）以及热障涂层等的无损检测与评价。本文首先简要介绍了红外热成像技术的基本原理和检测系统构成，特别是对光学、超声以及电磁等主要热激励形式的特点和优劣势进行了对比。然后，根据热激励形式的发展历程，详细介绍了光激励红外热成像技术在FRP复合材料和热障涂层无损检测与评价方面的研究现状与进展，重点关注了FRP复合材料/热障涂层热成像无损检测中的热难点问题。最后总结并展望了FRP复合材料/热障涂层红外热成像无损检测技术的未来发展趋势。Abstract: Infrared thermography is a new NDT technology with outstanding advantages such as non-contact, large detection area and intuitive detection results, and it has been widely used in NDT and evaluation of metal, non-metal, fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) and thermal barrier coatings. In this paper, the basic principle of infrared thermography technology and the composition of detection system are briefly introduced, especially the characteristics and advantages and disadvantages of optical, ultrasonic, and electromagnetic thermal excitation forms are compared. Then, according to the development history of thermal excitation forms, the research status and progress of optical excitation infrared thermography technology in the non-destructive testing and evaluation of FRP composites and thermal barrier coatings are introduced in detail, focusing on the hot and difficult problems in the non-destructive testing of FRP composites/thermal barrier coatings. Finally, the future development trend of infrared thermographic NDT technology for FRP composites/thermal barrier coatings is summarized and prospected.
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Key words:
- nondestructive testing /
- infrared thermography /
- TBC /
- FRP composites /
- IR image processing
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图 1 某航空发动机及其涡轮叶片热障涂层结构示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of an aeroengine and its thermal barrier coating of turbine blade
图 2 主动式红外热成像检测技术的主要分类依据及结果
Figure 2. Main classification basis and results of active infrared thermography detection technology
图 3 光热无损检测原理及典型闪光灯激励热成像检测系统
Figure 3. Principle of photothermal nondestructive testing and typical flash excitation thermal imaging testing system
图 4 截断相关光热相干层析成像检测技术原理：(a) 截断相关光热相干层析成像数学实施；(b) 激光诱导热成像系统框图
Figure 4. Principle of truncated correlation photothermal coherence tomography(TC-PCT) detection technology: (a) Mathematical implementation of truncated correlation photothermal coherence tomography; (b) Block diagram of laser induced thermal imaging system
表 1 红外脉冲热成像、红外锁相热成像以及红外热波雷达成像检测技术的对比
Table 1. Comparison of infrared pulse thermography, infrared lock-in thermography, and infrared thermal wave radar techniques
Thermographic modality Excitation waveform form Advantage Shortcoming Application scope Infrared pulse thermography 
Fast detection speed, wide application range Shallow detection depth, large instantaneous energy, affected easily by the surface Impact damage and shallow defects Infrared lock-in thermography 
High signal-to-noise ratio, high sensitivity,
low surface requirementsBlind frequency phenomenon, multiple detection, low detection efficiency Deep defects Infrared thermal wave radar 
High signal-to-noise ratio, high resolution, large detection depth, low surface requirements, low energy, single reliable detection The detection time is slightly longer than pulse thermography, but much less than lock-in thermography Fast and reliable detection of deep defects 
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