Abstract: This study analyzes the center deviation of infrared optical systems, constructs a center deviation analysis process, and proposes corresponding installation and adjustment methods. First, the cause of the center deviation of the infrared optical system is preliminarily deconstructed as the tilt and translation changes in the meridional and sagittal directions of the optical components. Then, this change is established in the form of tolerances in relation to the optical performance index (MTF) and optical axis drift. The difference between the spatial attitude caused by the tolerances of each optical component and the optical axis of the ideal system is obtained. Based on the magnitude of the difference, the contribution of each optical element to the MTF and its impact on the system optical axis are evaluated, and a sensitivity table is established for each optical element. Based on the sensitivity results for each optical element, the optical axis drift required by the system index is used as an analysis point. A Monte Carlo calculation engine is used to calculate various pose combinations of each optical element and component, and the tolerance limit of the optical element required to meet the index requirements is obtained. Based on the aforementioned analysis results, a calibration method based on the optical axis offset correction and optical component position adjustment is proposed. This method uses a center offset measuring instrument to monitor the center deviation of sensitive components in real time. Through effective optical axis offset correction and component position adjustment, the center of the optical system is aligned with the optical axis. Through experimental verification, this calibration method is found to effectively reduce the center deviation and improve the performance and image quality of infrared optical systems.