用于空间目标天基红外探测的同轴光学系统杂散光抑制技术

孟繁多; 王潇; 童卫明; 高幸华; 马文坡

用于空间目标天基红外探测的同轴光学系统杂散光抑制技术

1.
北京空间机电研究所, 北京 100094
2.
北京控制工程研究所, 北京 100094

详细信息

作者简介:
孟繁多（2000-），硕士研究生，主要从事空间光学遥感器杂散光抑制方面的研究。E-mail：fanduomeng@foxmail.com

通讯作者:
马文坡（1967-），研究员，博士，主要从事空间光学遥感器总体设计方面的研究。E-mail：mawenpo@sina.com

中图分类号: TP732.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-07-01
- 修回日期: 2024-07-30
- 刊出日期: 2025-04-19

Stray Light Suppression of Coaxial Optical System for Space-Based Infrared Detection of Space Target

1.
Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics & Electricity, Beijing 100094, China
2.
Beijing Institute of Control Engineering, Beijing 100094, China

摘要

摘要:
空间目标天基红外探测系统在对近地轨道暗弱目标探测时，会受到来自视场外地球和大气的强烈杂散光的影响，因此，这类探测系统对杂散光抑制的要求非常高。本文围绕空间目标天基红外探测需求，在分析借鉴了国外一些天基红外探测系统的杂散光抑制技术的基础上，对用于空间目标天基红外探测的同轴光学系统的杂散光抑制技术进行了研究，提出通过在次镜背部添加中心遮光罩来进一步提升杂光抑制能力的技术途径。以SABER的同轴光学系统为例，对在次镜背部增加中心遮光罩前后的杂散光抑制能力进行了仿真，仿真结果表明在次镜背部增加中心遮光罩后，在临边探测方向上光学系统的PST明显降低，其中在离轴角5°和10°时分别降低了46%和35%。
- 空间目标 /
- 天基红外探测 /
- 同轴光学系统 /
- 杂散光抑制 /
- 中心遮光罩
Abstract:
Space-based infrared detection systems for space targets are affected by strong stray light from the Earth and atmosphere outside the field of view when detecting faint targets in low Earth orbit. Therefore, such detection systems have high requirements for stray light suppression. Based on the requirements of space-based infrared detection for space targets, this study analyzes the stray light suppression technologies of several foreign space-based infrared detection systems, investigates the stray light suppression technology of coaxial optical systems used for space-based infrared detection of space targets, and proposes a technical approach to further improve stray light suppression by adding a center baffle to the back of the secondary mirror. Using SABER's coaxial optical system as an example, the stray light suppression capability was simulated before and after adding the center baffle. The simulation results show that, after adding the center baffle to the back of the secondary mirror, the point source transmittance (PST) of the optical system in the detection direction at the edge is significantly reduced by 46% and 35% when the off-axis angles are 5° and 10°, respectively.
- space target /
- space-based infrared detection /
- coaxial optical system /
- stray light suppression /
- center baffle

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图 1 天基红外探测系统对近地轨道目标探测示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of low-earth orbit target detection by space-based infrared detection system

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图 2 SPIRIT Ⅲ辐射计光学系统及主要杂散光抑制设计^[15]

Figure 2. SPIRIT Ⅲ radiometer optical system and main stray light suppression design^[15]

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图 3 SPIRIT Ⅲ辐射计在镜面BRDF为(1×10^－4 θ^－2) sr^－1时11.1~13.2 μm谱段点源抑制比曲线^[6]

Figure 3. Point source reduction ratio curve of SPIRIT Ⅲ radiometer in 11.1-13.2 μm spectral segment when mirror BRDF is (1×10^-4)θ^-2sr^-1^[6]

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图 4 SABER光学系统及主要杂散光抑制设计

Figure 4. SABER optical system and main stray light suppression design

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图 5 SABER在14.7~15.8 μm谱段归一化点源辐射透过率曲线^[9]

Figure 5. Point source normalized irradiance transmittance curve of SABER in the 14.7-15.8 μm spectrum^[9]

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图 6 中心遮光罩结构示意图

Figure 6. Structure diagram of the center baffle

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图 7 SABER系统光路图

Figure 7. SABER system optical path diagram

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图 8 标准面光迹图

Figure 8. Standard surface light trace

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图 9 挡光环结构设计示意图

Figure 9. Baffle vane structure design diagram

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图 10 增加中心遮光罩前后系统PST对比（离轴角范围±60°）

Figure 10. PST comparison before and after the addition of center baffle (off-axis angle range ±60°)

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图 11 增加中心遮光罩前后系统PST对比（离轴角范围±10°）

Figure 11. PST comparison before and after the addition of center baffle (off-axis angle range ±10°)

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