Research Progress and Key Technology Analysis of Variable Cold Aperture Infrared Detector
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摘要: 为了进一步提高红外变焦光学系统的性能,兼顾其空间分辨率和灵敏度的要求,基于可变冷光阑技术的制冷型变F数红外探测器需求迫切。相较于传统的红外变焦光学系统,变F数红外变焦光学系统可在大视场和小视场切换时保持分辨率和灵敏度的平衡,提高光学系统的孔径利用率,进而缩小光学系统的径向尺寸,有利于红外光学系统成像质量的提升和小型化设计。本文对变F数与变焦之间的关系进行研究,概述了国内外在可变冷光阑红外探测器技术领域的研究进展,并对主流技术路线的关键技术难点进行了分析。Abstract: Variable F/number-cooled infrared detectors, which are based on variable cold aperture technology, are urgently needed because they can improve the performance of zoom infrared optical systems and consider both spatial resolution and sensitivity. Compared with the traditional zoom infrared optical system, the variable F/number zoom infrared optical system can balance the resolution and sensitivity when the system switches between large and minimum scales. Furthermore, the variable F/number zoom infrared optical system can improve the aperture utilization rate of the optical system and reduce its radial dimensions, which is beneficial for improving the imaging quality and miniaturization design of the infrared optical system. In this paper, we discuss the relationship between the variable F/number and zoom and summarize the research progress in the field of variable cold-aperture infrared detectors. Finally, we analyze the key technical challenges of the mainstream technology approach.
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Key words:
- infrared detector /
- variable cold aperture /
- variable F/ number /
- zoom
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Table 1. Part of technical index of the third generation forward- looking infrared system from Raytheon[16-17]
Parameter Value Formats 640×480 Pixel pitch 20 μm Band MW/LW F/number F/3 and F/6 Actuation cycles 100000(room temperature) 10000(cryogenic temperatures) The F/# change-time meet the requirement Cooling capacity >1.5 W@23℃; >1 W@71℃(the temperature of FPA is 77 K) Cooling time ≤10 min@23℃;≤15 min@71℃ Maximum input power ≤75 W@28 V DC Weight Approximately 4.0 pound(1814 g) The size of dewar Approximately 4.75 inches×2.25 inches×1.75 inches -
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