空间相机大功率热源散热设计

董奎辰; 郭亮; 黄美娇; 刘春雨

空间相机大功率热源散热设计

董奎辰^{1, 2,},
郭亮^1, ,,
黄美娇¹,
刘春雨¹

1.
中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所, 吉林长春 130033
2.
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 61605203

中国科学院青年创新促进会资助项目 2015173

详细信息

作者简介:
董奎辰（1998-），男，硕士研究生，主要从事航天器热控制方面的研究。Email：dongkuichen6694@qq.com

通讯作者:
郭亮（1982-），男，博士研究员，博士生导师，主要从事航天器热控制、智能热控制和空间机器人方面的研究。Email：guoliang@ciomp.ac.cn

中图分类号: V444.3+6
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-03-18
- 修回日期: 2022-05-11
- 刊出日期: 2023-05-20

Heat-Dissipation Design for Space Camera High-Power Heat Source

DONG Kuichen^{1, 2
,},
GUO Liang^{1
, ,},
HUANG Meijiao¹,
LIU Chunyu¹

1.
Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun 130033, China
2.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

摘要

摘要: 为解决复杂外热流下散热面难以确定的难题，基于散热面总到达外热流最小的设计原则，对空间相机大功率热源散热设计进行研究。首先，根据相机所处空间环境分析相机受到的外热流。接着，通过分析外热流与热源工作模式，采用在相机两侧设置辐射冷板散热并通过热管耦合的方式，增大了热源的散热效率，减小了辐射冷板的面积。最后，根据相机所处空间环境和采取的热控措施利用热仿真软件进行了热分析验证。仿真结果表明：可见光组件温度为－1.9℃~12.9℃，红外组件温度为1.7℃~10.5℃，制冷机热端温度为－12℃~0.3℃，制冷机压缩机温度为－11.3℃~21.3℃。满足温控指标要求，解决了复杂外热流下相机大功率热源的散热问题。
- 空间相机 /
- 热设计 /
- 热分析
Abstract: To solve the difficulty of selecting an appropriate heat sink for complex heat flows, the design of high-power heat sources for space cameras was investigated based on the design principle of reducing the total heat flow to a heat sink. First, the heat flow to a camera was analyzed according to a space environment. Subsequently, by analyzing the heat flow and working mode of the heat source, the efficiency of heat dissipation from the heat source and the area of the radiant cooling plates were reduced by installing radiant cooling plates on both sides of the camera and coupling them through heat pipes. Finally, the thermal analysis was verified using a thermal simulation software based on the camera's space environment and the thermal control measures taken. The simulation results showed that the temperature of the visible focal plane component was -1.9℃ to 12.9℃, the temperature of the infrared camera circuit board was -1.7℃ to 6.7℃, the temperature of the hot end of the chiller was -12℃ to 0.3℃, and the temperature of the chiller compressor was -11.3℃ to 21.3℃. The temperature index requirements were satisfied, and the problem of heat dissipation from the high-power heat source of the camera under complex heat flow was solved.
- space camera /
- thermal design /
- thermal analysis

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图 1 相机主要结构及内热源分布示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the main structure of the camera and the distribution of internal heat sources

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图 2 平均到达外热流随β角变化趋势

Figure 2. Available average heat flows with different β

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图 3 β角0°时±X、±Y平均到达外热流

Figure 3. Available average heat flow when β＝0° Time/s

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图 4 β角58.4°时±X、±Y平均到达外热流

Figure 4. Available average heat flow when β＝60°

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图 5 制冷机热端散热方案示意图

Figure 5. Schematic diagram of the heat dissipation for refrigerator hotend

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图 6 内热源传热路径

Figure 6. Heat transfer path of the internal heat source

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图 7 相机有限元模型

Figure 7. Finite element model of camera

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图 8 高温工况温度分布云图与温度变化曲线

Figure 8. High temperature distribution clouds and temperature variation curves

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图 9 低温工况温度分布云图与温度变化曲线

Figure 9. Low temperature distribution clouds and temperature variation curves

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表 1 内热源温控指标

Table 1. Temperature index of the internal heat source ℃

Component	Operating temperature
Visible components	-5~40
Infrared components	-25~55
Refrigerator compressor	-15~30
refrigerator hot end	≤20

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表 2 相机工况定义

Table 2. Definition of camera working conditions

	Solar position	β	Heat sink surface coating surface properties
High temperature working condition	Winter solstice	0°	α/ε=0.23/0.92（End period）
Low temperature working condition	Summer Solstice	60°	α/ε=0.13/0.92（Initial period）

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