低轨道遥感相机光机热一体化分析及优化设计

刘朋朋; 靳利锋; 赵慧; 李妥妥

低轨道遥感相机光机热一体化分析及优化设计

北京空间机电研究所先进光学遥感技术北京市重点实验室, 北京 100094

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金资助项目 11874087

详细信息

作者简介:
刘朋朋（1991-），男，山东聊城人，硕士研究生，研究方向为可见及红外遥感相机光机结构设计。E-mail：807666208@qq.com

中图分类号: TN216
计量
- 文章访问数: 157
- HTML全文浏览量: 38
- PDF下载量: 43
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-11-04
- 修回日期: 2021-11-17
- 刊出日期: 2022-06-20

Integrated Opto-mechanical-thermal Analysis and Optimization Design of a Low-Orbit Remote Sensing Camera

Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics and Electrictiy, Advanced Optical Remote Sensing Technology Key Laboratory, Beijing 100094, China

摘要

摘要: 低轨道卫星热环境复杂恶劣，对遥感相机光机结构的热性能提出了严格要求。本文提出了一种基于在轨温度场的光、机、热一体化仿真分析方法，以某低轨道卫星相机为例，分别采用Thermal Desktop、MSC Patran/Nastran、Code V构建热分析模型、结构有限元分析模型、光学分析模型，分析得出了相机单次成像时间内最极端工况下各反射镜的平移、倾斜及镜间距变化量等结构变形特性，计算了光学系统MTF的变化，并剖析了系统传函的主要影响因素。然后从主承力结构的结构参数出发进行了优化设计，优化结果表明主承力结构线胀系数在(5~5.5)×10^－6时系统热特性最优，系统传函满足指标要求。
- 低轨道 /
- 光机结构 /
- 无热化设计 /
- 光机热一体化分析 /
- MTF
Abstract: The complex and harsh thermal environment of low-orbit satellites necessitates strict requirements for the performance of the optical-mechanical structure of remote sensing cameras. In this study, an integrated opto-mechanical-thermal simulation analysis method based on an on-orbit temperature field is proposed by using a low-orbit satellite camera as an example. Thermal desktop, MSC Patran/Nastran, and Code V are used to construct the thermal, structural finite element, and optical analysis models, respectively. The structural deformation characteristics, including the shift, tilt, and distance of each mirror in the most extreme conditions of single camera imaging time, are obtained. Changes in the MTF of the optical system are analyzed and the primary influencing factors of the system transfer function are determined. Subsequently, optimization design is performed based on the structural parameters of the primary force-taking structure. The optimization results show that the thermal characteristics of the system are optimal when the linear expansion coefficient of the primary force-taking structure ranges from 5.0e-6 to 5.5e-6, and the system transfer function meets the target requirements.
- low-orbit /
- optical-mechanical structure /
- athermal design /
- integrated opto-mechanical-thermal analysis /
- MTF

HTML全文

图 1 光机热一体化仿真分析流程

Figure 1. Analysis process of integrated opto-mechanical-thermal

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 相机热分析模型

Figure 2. Thermal analysis model of the camera

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 相机结构分析有限元模型

Figure 3. Structural analysis finite element model of the camera

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 相机温度场

Figure 4. Camera temperature field

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 相机结构热变形结果

Figure 5. Thermal deformation results of the camera structure

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 主镜镜面面形

Figure 6. Surface shape error of primary mirror

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 各反射镜平移及倾斜位移

Figure 7. Translation and tilt displacements of each mirror

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 各反射镜镜间距变化

Figure 8. Variation of each mirror spacing

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 系统传函变化

Figure 9. Variation of system transfer fuction

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 均匀温升相机结构变形

Figure 10. Structure deformation by uniform temperature rising

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 不同主承力线胀系数主次镜间距变化

Figure 11. Variation of primary and secondary mirror spacing with different linear expansion coefficients of the principle bearing

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 优化后最低温、最高温工况系统传函变化

Figure 12. Variation of system transfer fuction after optimization

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 13 中心视场像移变化

Figure 13. Image shift variation of central view field

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 相机反射镜及结构支撑材料属性

Table 1. Materials and properties of mirror structural supports

Material	Density/(kg/m³⁾	Young’s modulus/GPa	Poisson’s ratio	Linear expansion coefficient/(10^-6/℃)
Zerodur	2530	91	0.24	0.05
SiC	3120	350	0.17	2.2
4J32	8180	145	0.25	0.05
TC4	4450	110	0.34	9.1
C/SiC	2100	100	0.089	1.3
XM23	1000	0.002	0.49	236

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 主镜Zernike系数

Table 2. Zernike coefficient of primary mirror

Serial number	Expression	Value (The lowest temperature condition)	Value (The highest temperature condition)
1	1	−4.05E+01	1.59E+01
2	ρcosθ	6.08E−02	1.27E−01
3	ρsinθ	−3.14E+00	2.27E−01
4	2ρ²−1	−6.66E−02	1.32E−01
5	ρ²cos2θ	5.32E−03	−6.68E−03
6	ρ²sin2θ	7.25E−04	9.03E−04
7	(3ρ²−2ρ) cosθ	6.33E−04	2.94E−03
8	(3ρ²−2ρ) sinθ	−5.26E−02	7.71E−04
9	6ρ⁴−6ρ²+1	1.10E−04	−1.34E−03

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(12)

[1]	都亨, 叶宗海. 低轨道航天器空间环境手册[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 1996. DU H, YE Z H. Space Environment Manual for LEO Spacecraft[M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 1996.
[2]	包立明. 红外光学系统的热特性分析[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工程大学, 2009. BAO L M. Thermal Characteristic Analysis of Infrared Optical System[D]. Harbin: Dissertation of Harbin Engineering University. 2009.
[3]	周晓斌, 张衡, 文江华. 长波红外光学系统混合被动无热化设计[J]. 红外技术, 2021, 43(9): 836-839. http://hwjs.nvir.cn/article/id/236b81af-2c72-46e2-9cd4-883b6a6de4d2 ZHOU X B, ZHANG H, WEN J H. LWIR optical system design by passive athermalization[J]. Infrared Technology, 2021, 43(9): 836-839. http://hwjs.nvir.cn/article/id/236b81af-2c72-46e2-9cd4-883b6a6de4d2
[4]	关英姿, 康立新. 长波红外非制冷光学系统设计[J]. 红外技术, 2008, 30(2): 79-82. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-8891.2008.02.005 GUAN Y Z, KANG L X. LWIR uncooled optical system design[J]. Infrared Technology, 2008, 30(2): 79-82. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-8891.2008.02.005
[5]	赵鹏, 卢锷, 王家骐. 空间光学仪器光、机、热一体化总体设计[J]. 光学精密工程, 1996, 4(6): 17-21. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1004-924X.1996.06.004 ZHAO P, LU E, WANG J Q. Overall design of optical mechanical thermal integration for space optical instruments[J]. Optics and Precision Engineering, 1996, 4(6): 17-21. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1004-924X.1996.06.004
[6]	杨怿, 陈时锦, 张伟. 空间光学遥感器光机热集成分析技术综述[J]. 光学技术, 2005, 31(6): 913-917. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1002-1582.2005.06.038 YANG Y, CHEN S J, ZHANG W. Review of optical mechanical thermal integrated analysis technology for space optical remote sensor[J]. Optical Technique, 2005, 31(6): 913-917. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1002-1582.2005.06.038
[7]	傅丹鹰, 殷纯永, 乌崇德. 空间遥感器的热/结构/光学分析研究[J]. 宇航学报, 2001, 22(3): 105-110. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-1328.2001.03.017 FU D Y, YIN C Y, WU C D. A study of thermal /structural/optical analysis of a space remote sensor[J]. Journal of Astronautics, 2001, 22(3): 105-110. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-1328.2001.03.017
[8]	傅丹鹰, 程祖璞, 蔺宇辉, 等. 空间相机光机结构导热特性分析与计算[J]. 光学技术, 1999(5): 43-46. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GXJS199905014.htm FU D Y, CHEN Z P, LIN Y H, et al. Thermal characteristics analysis of optical structure of space remote sensor[J]. Optical Technique, 1995(5): 43-46. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GXJS199905014.htm
[9]	赵振明, 于波, 苏云. 基于热平衡试验的某空间相机热光学集成分析[J]. 航天返回与遥感, 2014(4): 51-58. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-8518.2014.04.007 ZHAO Z M, YU B, SU Y. Thermal optical analysis on space camera based upon thermal balance test[J]. Spacecraft Recovery & Remote Sensing, 2014(4): 51-58. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-8518.2014.04.007
[10]	单宝忠, 陈恩涛, 卢锷, 等. 空间光仪光机热集成分析方法[J]. 光学精密工程, 2001, 9(4): 377-381. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GXJM200104016.htm SHAN B Z, CHEN E T, LU E, et al. Thermal/structural/optical integrated analysis of space cameras[J]. Optics and Precision Engineering, 2001, 9(4): 377-381. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GXJM200104016.htm
[11]	吴明长, 杨世模, 陈志远, 等. Hα与白光望远镜的光机热一体化分析[J]. 红外与激光工程, 2009, 38(6): 1072-1078. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-2276.2009.06.027 WU M C, YANG S M, CHEN Z Y, et al. Integrated optical-structural-thermal analysis of the Hα and white light telescope[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2009, 38(6): 1072-1078. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-2276.2009.06.027
[12]	李其锴. Zernike多项式拟合用于低温光学镜头热集成分析[J]. 航天返回与遥感, 2010, 31(4): 45-50. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HFYG201004011.htm LI Q K. Zernike Polynomials fitting in cryogenic optical thermal integration analysis[J]. Spacecraft Recovery & Remote Sensing, 2010, 31(4): 45-50. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HFYG201004011.htm