Effect of Microchannel Plate Tilt Angle on Image Intensifier Performance
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摘要: 采用试验对比分析的方法，从MCP斜切角对像增强器的MCP噪声因子、分辨力、MCP增益三方面的影响展开研究。试验结果表明，MCP斜切角在5°~12°范围内时，MCP噪声因子与MCP斜切角呈抛物线关系，当MCP斜切角为9°时，MCP噪声因子最小；分辨力与斜切角呈负相关关系，当MCP斜切角为5°时，分辨力最大；MCP增益随斜切角的增加呈抛物线变化，当MCP斜切角为9°时，MCP增益最大。这主要是因为改变MCP斜切角后，光电子进入MCP通道前端二次电子发射层的角度深度不同，激发出的二次电子数及电子在MCP输出端形成的散射斑半径存在差异。若要选择最佳MCP斜切角，必须综合考虑不同场景下对像增强器主要性能指标的要求。Abstract: The effects of the microchannel plate (MCP) tilt angle on the MCP noise factor, resolution, and gain of an image intensifier was studied through an experimental comparison and analysis. The results showed that the relationship between the MCP noise factor and MCP tilt angle was parabolic when the MCP tilt angle was in the range of 5°–12°. The MCP noise factor was the smallest when the MCP tilt angle was 9°, and the resolution was negatively correlated with the MCP tilt angle. The resolution was the largest when the tilt angle of the MCP was 5°. The MCP gain changed parabolically with an increase in the MCP tilt angle. The MCP gain was the largest when the MCP tilt angle was 9°. Because the direction of the photoelectrons emitted by the photocathode of the image intensifier is certain, changing the MCP tilt angle causes the photoelectrons to enter the front end of the MCP channel at a different angle. This results in different secondary electron emission layer depths, such that the number of secondary electrons and the radius of the scattering spot formed by the electrons at the output end are different. To determine the best MCP tilt angle, the main performance requirements of an image intensifier under various usage scenarios must be comprehensively considered.
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Key words:
- image intensifier /
- MCP /
- MCP tilt angle /
- resolution /
- MCP noise factor /
- MCP electronic gain
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表 1 四组像增强器的噪声因子比较
Table 1. Comparison of noise factors of four groups of image intensifiers
MCP tilt angle/° Sensitivity/(μA/lm) SNR Noise factor Average noise factor 5 894 22.75 1.831 1.833 5 832 21.93 1.834 7 889 25.59 1.439 1.445 7 884 25.42 1.450 9 880 25.98 1.382 1.385 9 866 25.71 1.389 12 888 24.41 1.580 1.571 12 813 23.48 1.563 
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表 2 四组像增强器的分辨力比较
Table 2. Contrast of resolution between four rinds of image intensifiers
MCP tilt angle/° Resolution/
(lp/mm)Average resolution/(lp/mm) 5 68 66 5 64 7 64 64 7 64 9 64 62 9 60 12 60 60 12 60
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表 3 四组像增强器的MCP增益比较
Table 3. MCP gain comparison between four kinds of image intensifiers
MCP tilt angle/° MCP image Average MCP image 5 290 284 5 277 7 325 320 7 315 9 340 348 9 356 12 282 268 12 254
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