Multi-defect Detection of Welding Surface Based on Eddy Current Pulse Thermography
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摘要: 焊缝表面气孔缺陷的存在减少了工件的有效截面积,降低了工件抵抗外载荷的能力,严重时会导致工件断裂,为此提出一种基于涡流脉冲热成像技术的焊缝表面多缺陷检测方法。首先,采用一种新型电磁传感器结构,通过涡流脉冲热成像原理对不同直径和深度的碳钢缺陷进行检测,并分析了图像序列中缺陷区域与非缺陷区域的温度信号;为了提高该检测系统的灵敏度,采用主成分分析方法对图像序列进行图像重构,增强原始图像中缺陷特征。最后,通过实验验证了该方法,实验结果表明该方法能够减小焊缝边缘效应的影响,实现对焊缝表面缺陷的大面积检测,并为红外热像仪提供一个开放的视野。Abstract: The existence of porosity defects on the weld surface reduces the effective cross-sectional area of the workpiece and the ability of the workpiece to resist external loads, which leads to workpiece fracture in serious cases. Therefore, a multi-defect detection method for weld surfaces based on eddy current pulse thermography technology is proposed. First, a new electromagnetic sensor structure is adopted to detect carbon steel defects with different diameters and depths through the principle of eddy current pulse thermography, and the temperature signals of the defect and non-defect areas in the image sequence are analyzed. To improve the sensitivity of the detection system, principal component analysis (PCA) is used to reconstruct the image sequence and enhance the defect features in the original image. Finally, the proposed method was verified experimentally. The experimental results show that this method can reduce the influence of the weld edge effect, realize large-area detection of weld surface defects, and provide an open field of vision for infrared thermal imaging.
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表 1 激励结构参数
Table 1. Dimensions of excitation structure
Parameters L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7 Value/mm 100 70 15 15 70 15 15 表 2 圆孔缺陷参数
Table 2. Parameters of round hole defect
Parameters D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 Diameter/mm 4 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 Depth/mm 2 3 2 1 1 2 3 5 -
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