Theoretical Analysis and Matlab Simulation of Dynamic Vibration Absorber for Single-Piston Linear Compressor
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摘要: 单活塞线性斯特林制冷机由于其降温速度快、质量小和可靠性高等特点，目前正广泛用于红外探测器中，但是由于压缩机运行时产生的振动会严重影响探测器成像质量，所以在振动抑制方面动力吸振器的使用成为单活塞线性压缩机的最佳减振方式。基于此，本文首先论述了动力吸振器在单活塞线性压缩机减振方面的作用，并举例介绍了当前单活塞线性压缩机用动力吸振器的基本结构。为了不失理论分析的一般性，在动力吸振器与压缩机振动模型的理论计算中引入了几个重要的无量纲参数。最后在此基础上，利用Matlab软件对动力吸振器与压缩机模型进行振动幅频特性仿真。Abstract: Single-piston linear Stirling cryocoolers are widely used in infrared detectors owing to their fast cooling, lightweight, and high reliability. However, the vibration generated by the compressor during operation considerably affects the imaging quality of the detector. Therefore, the use of a dynamic vibration absorber has become the best vibration reduction method for single-piston linear compressors. First, this article discusses the role of a dynamic vibration absorber in damping single-piston linear compressors and provides an example of the basic structure of current single-piston linear compressors. Second, to generalize the theoretical analysis, several important dimensionless parameters are introduced in the theoretical calculation of the dynamic vibration absorber and compressor vibration model. Finally, Matlab is used to simulate the vibration amplitude-frequency characteristics of the dynamic vibration absorber and compressor model
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图 1 动磁式单活塞压缩机结构示意图(a)和剖面图(b)
Figure 1. Schematic diagram (a) and cross-sectional view (b) of the moving magnet single-piston compressor
图 3 SX030压缩机用动力吸振器爆炸图(a)，装配图(b)
Figure 3. Exploded view of the dynamic vibration absorber for SX030 compressor (a), assembly view (b)
图 4 K527制冷机用动力吸振器爆炸图(a)，实物图(b)
Figure 4. Exploded view (a), physical view (b) of the dynamic vibration absorber for K527 cryocooler
图 5 Sunpower制冷机与动力吸振器装配实图
Figure 5. The actual assembly diagram of the Sunpower refrigerator and the dynamic vibration absorber
图 6 装配动力吸振器的单活塞线性压缩机
Figure 6. Single-piston linear compressor equipped with dynamic vibration absorber
图 8 压缩机使用动力吸振器前(a)后(b)振动曲线
Figure 8. Vibration curves of compressor without (a) and with (b) dynamic vibration absorber
图 10 不同μ值对应的压缩机幅频特性Matlab仿真曲线
Figure 10. Matlab simulation curves of compressor amplitude-frequency characteristics corresponding to different μ values
图 11 不同z值对应的压缩机幅频特性Matlab仿真曲线
Figure 11. Matlab simulation curves of compressor amplitude-frequency characteristics corresponding to different z values
图 12 RICOR公司外部柔性板弹簧隔振器(a)、螺旋弹簧隔振器(b)
Figure 12. RICOR's external flexible plate spring vibration isolator (a), coil spring vibration isolator (b)
图 13 不同ξ2值对应的压缩机幅频特性Matlab仿真曲线
Figure 13. Matlab simulation curves of compressor amplitude-frequency characteristics corresponding to different ξ2 values
表 1 不同类型斯特林制冷机技术特点[1]
Table 1. Technical characteristics of different types of Stirlingcryocoolers
Parameter Integral rotary Split linear
single pistonSplit linear dual
opposed pistonCooling time √√ √√√ √√√ Weight √√√ √√ √√ Vibration √√√ √ √√ Integration √√√ √ √√ MTTF(Mean time to failure) √√ √√√ √√√ 
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表 2 K527和SX030压缩机相关参数
Table 2. Related parameters of K527 and SX030 compressors
Manufacturer/Cryocooler Physical dimension/mm Weight/g Input power/W Vibration/N RICOR/K527 63×33.5 200 3.5 11 RICOR/K527+ Vibration Mount 63×33.5 220 3.5 2 RICOR/K527+ Vibration Mount+DVA 93×33.5 300 3.5 0.03 AIM/SX030 61×33 280 3.3 >8 AIM/SX030+ DVA 75×33 380 3.3 <0.17
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