Application of 3D Fusion of Infrared Imaging and Tilt Photography in Building Detection
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摘要: 针对建筑病害缺乏有效和高精度无损检测手段，同时传统人工检测受建筑围护结构饰面层病害区域的高度、面积等方面的限制，提出一种红外成像和倾斜摄影三维融合并建立含有建筑病害信息的三维模型电子档案的方法。本文以学校某教学楼为例，以红外技术为主，倾斜摄影技术为辅的采集方案，采用同位空间坐标匹配法，经过坐标转换和2种异源空间数据融合，获取含有建筑病害信息的精细化三维模型电子档案，并完成数据融合前后的模型精度对比评估。结果表明：此方法得到的融合模型精度高，点位误差小，能快速、精准获取建筑病害空间位置，为建筑无损检测技术的实际应用提供新的思路，对建立建筑信息化监、修、管一体化运维体系具有研究价值和实际应用意义。Abstract: Effective and high-precision non-destructive detection methods for building diseases are lacking, and traditional manual detection imposes limitations on the height and area of the disease area of the building envelope facing layer. To address these issues, this study proposes a method of 3D fusion of infrared imaging and oblique photography along with the establishment of 3D model electronic archives containing building disease information. Taking a teaching building in a school as an example, this study adopts the acquisition scheme mainly based on infrared technology and supplemented by tilt photography technology and the coordinate matching method in the same position space, obtains the refined three-dimensional model electronic file containing building disease information through coordinate conversion and two kinds of heterogeneous spatial data fusion, and completes the comparative evaluation of model accuracy before and after data fusion. The results show that the fusion model obtained by this method has a high accuracy and small point error and can quickly and accurately obtain the spatial position of building diseases. The method provides a new idea for the practical application of building nondestructive testing technology and has research value and practical application significance for establishing an integrated operation and maintenance system of building information supervision, repair, and management.
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图 8 教学楼某一面围护结构饰面层的空鼓病害红外热图像及处理结果
Figure 8. Infrared thermal image and processing results of hollow drum disease on the surface layer of a certain envelope of the teaching building
图 9 空鼓病害二维图像及灰度处理结果
Figure 9. Two-dimensional image of hollow drum disease and gray-scale processing results
图 10 裂缝病害二维图像及灰度处理结果
Figure 10. Two-dimensional image of crack disease and gray-scale processing result
图 13 融合模型精度误差统计分析图
Figure 13. The statistical analysis of the accuracy error of the fusion model
表 1 异源数据融合精度结果
Table 1. Accuracy results of heterogeneous data fusion m
Dot ΔX ΔY ΔZ ΔS S01 -0.014 0.009 -0.017 0.024 S02 -0.013 -0.018 0.011 0.025 S03 -0.020 -0.011 0 0.023 S04 0.009 0 -0.010 0.013 S05 -0.011 0.005 0.014 0.018 S06 0.010 0.014 0.009 0.019 S07 0 0 -0.010 0.010 S08 0.013 0.010 0.011 0.020 S09 0.010 0 0.013 0.016 S10 0.013 0.010 0.010 0.019 S11 0.006 -0.008 0.010 0.014 S12 0.012 0.010 0 0.016 
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