空间红外相机技术发展现状及应用

潘朝猛; 康丽珠; 罗敏; 陶亮; 陈树刚; 陈波; 白忠宏; 崔海; 徐参军; 赵劲松

空间红外相机技术发展现状及应用

北方夜视科技研究院集团有限公司, 云南昆明 650223

详细信息

作者简介:
潘朝猛（1998-），男，硕士研究生，红外光学设计方向。E-mail: 601870433@qq.com

中图分类号: TH74
计量
- 文章访问数: 181
- HTML全文浏览量: 38
- PDF下载量: 96
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-12-20
- 修回日期: 2022-02-09
- 刊出日期: 2022-11-20

Development Status and Application of Space Infrared Camera Optical Technology

North Night Vision Science & Technology Research Institute Group Co. Ltd, Kunming 650223, China

摘要

摘要: 随着卫星载荷在大气和地物等目标探测、识别领域的广泛应用，空间红外相机技术得到了快速发展，这对空间红外光学系统的技术水平也提出了越来越高的要求。本文通过调研近十年来国内外典型星载红外光电载荷的技术特点及其变化情况，分析、总结了空间红外光学技术的研究现状和发展趋势。
- 红外相机 /
- 光学载荷 /
- 高分辨率
Abstract: With the widespread application of satellite payloads in the field of target detection and recognition, such as the atmosphere and ground objects, space infrared camera technology has been rapidly developed, which also necessitates increasingly higher requirements for the technical level of space infrared optical systems. This study analyzed and summarized the research status and development trend of space infrared optical technology by investigating the technical characteristics and changes in typical spaceborne infrared photoelectric loads at home and abroad over the past ten years.
- infrared camera /
- optical load /
- high resolution

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图 1 资源一号卫星示意图

Figure 1. Diagram of the ZY-1 satellite

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图 2 高分四号卫星示意图

Figure 2. Diagram of GF-4 satellite

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图 3 台风“尼伯特”观测图

Figure 3. Observation of Typhoon 'Nepartak'

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图 4 施密特型光学系统

Figure 4. Schmidt type optical system

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图 5 HEO-2拍摄导弹穿过云层发射的红外图像

Figure 5. Infrared image taken by HEO-2 of missile launching through clouds

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图 6 EnMAP工作扫描图

Figure 6. Diagram of EnMAP working scan

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图 7 资源一号02D卫星示意图

Figure 7. Diagram of ZY-02D satellite

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图 8 天津港的伪彩色合成图

Figure 8. False-color composite of Tianjin Port

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图 9 高分五号卫星示意图

Figure 9. Diagram of GF-5 satellite

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图 10 PRIMSA空间相机布局图

Figure 10. Layout of PRIMSA space camera

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表 1 资源一号相机性能参数

Table 1. Performance parameters of ZY-1 camera

Performance parameters	Value
Spectral range/μm	VIS/NIR: 0.5-0.9；SWIR: 1.55-1.75、2.05-2.35；LWIR: 10.4-12.5
Width/km	119
Spatial resolution/m	VIS/NIR SWIR: 78 LWIR: 156
Optical system type	R-C
Aperture/mm	250
Focal length/mm	1000
Detector	SWIR: Photovoltaic mercury HgCdTe detector LWIR: Photoconductance mercury HgCdTe detector
Refrigeration temperature/K	SWIR: 148 LWIR: 105
Pixel size/mm	0.1×0.1

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表 2 高分四号传感器性能参数

Table 2. Performance parameters of GF-4 sensor

Performance parameters	Value
Spectral range/μm	VIS/NIR: 0.45-0.90 MWIR: 3.50-4.10
Spatial resolution/m	VIS/NIR: 50 MWIR: 400
Width/km	400

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表 3 环境减灾-1B卫星空间相机性能参数

Table 3. Performance parameters of HJ-1B satellite space camera

Performance parameters	Value
Spatial resolution/m	150
Spectrum number	4
Width/km	720
Spectral range/μm	NIR: 0.75-1.1 SWIR: 1.55-1.75 MWIR: 3.5-3.9 LWIR: 10.5-12.5

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表 4 GEO-Oculus卫星空间相机性能参数

Table 4. Performance parameters of the GEO-Oculus satellite space camera

Performance parameters	Value
Mass/kg	606
Power/W	500
Spatial resolution/m	Visible light: 21 NIR: 21 SWIR\MWIR: 150 LWIR: 375
Width/km	VIS/NIR: 157×157 Other spectrum: 300×300
MTF	0.098-0.117
Radiation resolution/(bit/pixel)	18
Optical system type	korsch
Detector pixels	VIS/NIR: 10000×10000 MWIR: 2000×2000 LWIR: 800×800

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表 5 EnMAP卫星高光谱成像仪性能参数

Table 5. Performance parameters of EnMAP satellite hyperspectral imager

Performance parameters	Value
Spectral range/NM	VIS/NIR: 420-1000 SWIR: 900-2450
Spectral resolution/nm	VIS/NIR: 6.5，SWIR: 10
Spatial resolution/m	30
width/km	30
Radiation resolution/(bit/pixel)	14
Optical system type	TMA
Field of view/°	2.63
Aperture/m	0.174
Focal length/m	0.5224
F number	3.0
Signal-to-noise ratio	VIS/NIR: > 400，SWIR: > 150

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表 6 ALOS-3携带的HSS性能参数

Table 6. HSS performance parameters carried by ALOS-3

Performance parameters	Value
Spatial resolution/m	30
Width/km	30
Spectral range/nm	VIS/NIR: 400-970 SWIR: 900-2500
Spectral resolution/nm	VIS/NIR: 10 SWIR: 12.5
Optical system type	TMA
Signal-to-noise ratio	> 300
MTF	> 0.2
Radiation resolution/（bit/pixel）	12
Detector	VIS/NIR: CMOS SWIR: HgCdTe

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表 7 高光谱相机性能参数

Table 7. Performance parameters of hyperspectral camera

Performance parameters	Value
Spectral range/μm	0.4-2.5
Spectrum number	166
Spatial resolution/m	30
Width/km	60
Digitalizing bit/ bits	12
Spectral resolution/nm	VIS/NIR: 10 nm（total 76 spectral numbers）
Spectral resolution/nm	SWIR: 20 nm（total 90 spectral numbers）

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表 8 可见光短波红外高光谱相机性能参数

Table 8. Performance parameters of AHSI

Performance parameters	Value
Spectral range/μm	0.4-2.5
Spatial resolution/m	30
width/km	60
Spectral resolution/nm	VIS/NIR：5 SWIR：10

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表 9 全谱段光谱成像仪性能参数

Table 9. Performance parameters of full-spectrum spectral imager

Performance parameters	Value
Spectral range/μm	0.45-0.52 0.52-0.60 0.62-0.68 0.76-0.86 1.55-1.75 2.08-2.35 3.50-3.90 4.85-5.05 8.01-8.39 8.42-8.83 10.3-11.3 11.4-12.5
Spatial resolution	20 m（0.45-2.35 μm） 40 m（3.5-12.5 μm）
Width/km	60

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表 10 Primsa高光谱成像仪性能参数

Table 10. Performance parameters of Primsa hyperspectral imager

Performance parameters	Value
Size/m	0.77×0.59×0.78
Mass/kg	< 90
Spatial resolution/m	Visible spectral: 5； Hyperspectral: 30
Width/km	30
Spectral range/nm	Visible spectral: 400-700； VIS/NIR: 400-1010； SWIR: 920-2505
Optical system type	TMA
Aperture/m	0.21
Focal length/m	0.62
Radiation resolution/(bit/pixel)	12
Signal-to-noise ratio (average)	Visible spectral > 240； VIS/NIR > 200；SWIR > 100
Detector pixels	Visible spectral: 6000； hyperspectral: 1000×256
Pixel size/μm	Visible spectral: 6.5； Hyperspectral: 30

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